Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements continued

for the year ended 31 December 2007

31 Share and share option schemes

Details of the nature of all share and share option schemes can be found in the Remuneration Report.

At the year end, options outstanding under all schemes were as follows:

At 31 December 2007   No of options   Exercise price range   Exercise period
Date of grant   ('000)   From   To   From   To
Approved and Unapproved Share Option Schemes   418.7   75.7p   86.8p   2006   2013
2003                    
2002   1,605.8   83.6p   174.2p   2005   2012
2001   943.7   121.8p   136.4p   2004   2011
2000   423.6   166.6p   166.8p   2003   2010
1999   59.9   197.3p   234.6p   2002   2009
1998   79.0   208.1p   224.7p   2001   2008
    3,530.7                
Performance Share Plan                    
2003   702.7       2006   2013
Share Retention Plan                    
2004   238.6       2006   2008
Deferred Bonus Share Plan                    
2007   3,124.4       2008   2008
Long Term Incentive Plan                    
2007   4,908.1       2010   2011
Total   12,504.5                
At 31 December 2006   No of options   Exercise price range   Exercise period
Date of grant   ('000)   From   To   From   To
Approved and Unapproved Share Option Schemes                    
2004   628.7   78.2p   78.2p   2007   2014
2003   540.4   75.7p   86.8p   2006   2013
2002   1,765.0   83.6p   174.2p   2005   2012
2001   1,120.2   121.8p   136.4p   2004   2011
2000   729.5   166.6p   166.8p   2003   2010
1999   65.9   197.3p   234.6p   2002   2009
1998   96.5   208.1p   224.7p   2001   2008
1997   303.5   103.9p   107.1p   2000   2007
    5,249.7                
Performance Share Plan                    
2004   584.9       2007   2014
2003   702.7       2006   2013
2000   78.5       2004   2011
    1,366.1                
Share Retention Plan                    
2004   477.2       2006   2008
Total   7,093.0                
Number (’000)   Approved and Unapproved Share Schemes   Equity Partnership Plan   Performance Share Plan   Share Retention Plan  

Deferred Bonus Share Plan

  Long Term Incentive Plan   Total
Outstanding options as at 1 January 2006   7,075.7   47.7   1,366.1   715.8       9,205.3
Forfeited in the year   (1,826.0)   (47.7)             (1,873.7)
Exercised in the year         (238.6)       (238.6)
Outstanding options as at 31 December 2006   5,249.7     1,366.1   477.2       7,093.0
Exerciseable options as at 31 December 2006   4,621.0             4,621.0
Outstanding options as at 1 January 2007   5,249.7     1,366.1   477.2       7,093.0
Granted in the year           3,124.4   5,990.1   9,114.5
Forfeited in the year   (1,719.0)     (663.4)       (1,082.0)   (3,464.4)
Exercised in the year         (238.6)       (238.6)
Outstanding options as at 31 December 2007   3,530.7     702.7   238.6   3,124.4   4,908.1   12,504.5
Exerciseable options as at 31 December 2007   3,530.7             3,530.7

 

All movements in the number of outstanding options under the Equity Partnership Plan, Performance Share Plan, Share Retention Plan, Long Term Incentive Plan and the Deferred Bonus Share Plan during both the current and prior year had zero weighted average exercise prices. Exerciseable options comprise outstanding options where the vesting period has completed, irrespective as to whether the option exercise price is above or below the current share price.

Movements in the weighted average exercise prices of the Approved and Unapproved Share Schemes during the year are as follows:

     
     
Weighted average exercise price (pence)   Approved and Unapproved Share Schemes
Outstanding options as at 1 January 2006   168.0
Forfeited in the year   153.7
Outstanding options as at 31 December 2006   120.0
Exerciseable options as at 31 December 2006   126.8
Outstanding options as at 1 January 2007   120.0
Forfeited in the year   110.1
Outstanding options as at 31 December 2007   126.3
Exerciseable options as at 31 December 2007   126.3
Weighted average remaining contract lives (years):   Approved and Unapproved Share Schemes   Performance Share Plan   Share Retention Plan  

Deferred Bonus Share Plan

  Long Term Incentive Plan
At 31 December 2007   3.2   2.3   0.3   0.3   3.0
At 31 December 2006   4.1   3.5   0.3   n/a   n/a

IFRS 2, Share-Based Payment, requires that the fair value of all share options issued after 7 November 2002 is charged to the Income Statement. All of the Equity Partnership Plan options and some of the options from the other schemes were issued before 7 November 2002 and therefore the fair values of these granted options are not recognised. For options issued after 7 November 2002, the fair value of the option must be assessed on the date of each issue. The Group uses a stochastic valuation model at each issue date re-assessing the input assumptions on each occasion. The weighted average of the assumptions used in each valuation and the resulting weighted average fair value per option, for options issued in the year, were as follows:

  Deferred Bonus Share Plan   Long Term Incentive Plan
Weighted average   2007   2006   2007   2006
Share price (pence)   60.3   n/a   58.4   n/a
Option exercise price (pence)     n/a     n/a
Vesting period (years)   1.0   n/a   3.0   n/a
Option life (years)   1.3   n/a   3.5   n/a
Expected volatility (%)   36%   n/a   34%   n/a
Risk-free rate of return   5.8%   n/a   5.6%   n/a
Probability of ceasing employment before vesting (%)     n/a   5%   n/a
Expectations of meeting performance criteria (%)   100%   n/a   40%   n/a
Fair value per option (pence)   60.3   n/a   58.4   n/a

Expected volatility was determined by reference to the volatility in the share price using rolling one year periods for the five years immediately preceding the grant date. The risk free rate of return is based upon UK gilt rates with an equivalent term to the options granted.

For options issued prior to July 2003, an expected dividend yield of 6.4% was applied, based on historic dividend yield performance. For options issued after July 2003, future dividend assumptions were aligned to the dividend expectations publicly announced by the Group.